Hypnosis Mindset and Leadership

Published in Conscious Leadership Training, Entrepreneur Tools and Hypnosis. 0 Comments Tags: Hypnosis, hypnotherapy, leadership, los angeles.

People associate hypnosis with weight-loss, quitting smoking, and overcoming fears, phobias, and other addictive patterns. But Hypnosis is part of everyday life. Hypnosis is a natural state of mind.You use it to make many of your decisions on a regular basis.

Your attitudes and mindset,
your ability to be effective as a leader,
your ability to lead yourself,
your ability to live ‘at choice’

… all this depends on your unconscious programming. In other words it depends on the beliefs that have been instilled in you by a process that is very much like hypnosis. Fortunately, mindset and attitudes can be transformed through the use of hypnosis far more rapidly, and with far greater ease, than is often understood or appreciated.

The hypnotic state is a doorway to your unconscious mind. Your unconscious mind is everything you are not currently aware of: for example, that meeting you are nervous about, your love of going to the beach, the excitement you felt on your eleventh birthday, an unkind neighbor, a tune that pops into your mind inexplicably. The unconscious mind is the ten-trillion things that you couldn’t possibly hold in conscious awareness at any moment, but which together make up the climate of your experience.

However, the unconscious mind is more than a memory-bank. Experience is determined by emotions. One person may love going to the beach, another person may detest it. Everything you experience is filtered through emotions and perceptions, and the subtleties of associations through which you make meanings from your life.

Imagine a child being told by his mother to clean his room. Perhaps his mother was having a difficult day and speaks sharply, “Can’t you tidy your room, what’s the matter with you?”

Somehow the child hears that there’s something the matter with him, and years later, on an unconscious level, he carries that message everywhere he goes. He carries it to social gatherings, and job interviews. He may even carry it to bed. He may have conscious recollection of that day, long ago, when his mother was impatient with him. He may have discussed it in therapy. He may have learned that it wasn’t about him. But still the pervasive belief persists. It will continue until he registers a new truth about himself on an unconscious level as completely as he absorbed that first message long ago.

The amazing truth about your mind is that it can learn and change very quickly. How long did it take for that child to learn ‘there’s something wrong with me?’ He learned it in an instant, and a new truth can be learned at the same speed, but only if it is absorbed on the deepest level, deeply enough to supersede the old patterns.

People often say that hypnosis performs miracles. If you imagine that the attitudes that inform your behavior have to take a long time in order to change, then hypnotherapy is indeed miraculous. The power of hypnosis is the power to access your unconscious mind. Perhaps you have been disempowered by repeated vain attempts to effect change through willpower, conscious strategy, and reason. You may feel that you have a long way to go before you can truly transform old limiting beliefs, but you do not need more information or skills. When you’re ready to effect change, the last thing you need is more time! What you require is very simple. When you can access the same open mind you had as a child at the moment when you heard those fateful words, then you can learn your new truth, “there’s something right with me.”

A skilled hypnotherapist will guide you towards your own natural ability to remember deeper truths about yourself. She will help you access your capacity to write your own scripts, reprogram those old programs. The truths you recover predate the time when trauma hijacked your original innocence, capabilities, and joy.

Hypnosis is like finding the light switch after fumbling around in a dark room for years.

Sometimes all you need to find that switch is permission from your own unconscious mind. Hypnotherapy is a miraculously effective way to gain permission from, and access the power of, your unconscious mind, to bring about radical positive permanent change.

Hypnotherapy Hypnosis in Los Angeles ‘when you’re ready for change’

Published on February 24, 2010

Make yourself uncomfortable with NLP

Published in Anxiety and Stress, Conscious Leadership Training and NLP. 0 Comments Tags: communication, emotional intelligence, NLP.

Eleven day Training Intensive

Condoning or Condemning?

Keeping things simple can be a comfort. But sometimes comfort does nothing to move you forward. It doesn’t challenge you, or help you to learn new perspectives, and create new possibilities for yourself.

I am talking about the assessments we make of others.

You ask yourself, “Do I agree with you? Do I accept you? Am I safe around you?”

If you conclude, “I disagree. I don’t trust you.” You might also inadvertently add “I don’t understand you,” “I don’t like you,” or even “Because your belief system and values are different from my own there may be something wrong with you.”

Sometimes the most interesting thing can be to spend time with someone who is completely different from you. It may challenge you. It may be uncomfortable and edgy. But it may teach you something new about yourself and your own presuppositions and assumptions.

If you always need others to agree with, it may be because you lack confidence in your own perspectives; or it maybe that you’re just taking yourself too seriously.

If you have only two options:

Agreeing, condoning, liking, approving, trusting, or
Disagreeing, condemning, disliking, disapproving, mistrusting.

then you may be missing a range of other possibilities:

challenging your assumptions and strategies
refining your communication skills
deepening your empathy
getting over yourself
having more fun
learning to be more flexible
deepening your perspectives

In the world of NLP it is axiomatic that to help other effect genuine change it’s essential to respect their model of reality. Otherwise, how do you imagine you can genuinely communicate with them, let alone influencing them? Beyond that, it’s also to your benefit to do so.

Respecting others’ model of reality doesn’t mean condoning that model; but it does save you the aggravation of having to oppose it, condemn it, or persuade them they are wrong.

What sort of anxiety would lead you to spend all your time only with those who agree with you anyway?

Stretch a little. Spend a little time with people who make you uncomfortable and notice some of your patterns which, once noticed, you can change – if you choose.

You don’t need to know anything about Neurolinguistics, or NLP, to do this. It may just be an expression of you own evolving emotional intelligence.

Eleven day NLP and Hypnosis Training Intensive at Manzanita Village

Published on February 11, 2010

How You Change What’s Not Working

Published in Hypnosis, Stop Smoking and Weight Loss. 0 Comments Tags: business coaching, communication, generative changes, personal development, psychology, relationships skills, spiritual practice, transformational change.

Transformational Change

Five questions about generative transformation

What is Transformational Change? Transformational change is generative change. Personal change comes about in many forms and for many reasons. Most change, most often, is to accommodate outward circumstances. It is remedial. We react rather than truly respond. We react automatically, based on what we already know, rather than looking for new, and possibly transformational solutions. So often we struggle just to extricate ourselves from present difficulties, rather than looking for new ways of doing things which will support us in an ongoing way to transform our sense of what is truly possible. Transformational change is regenerative change. You can even call it generative in that it allows you to come to entirely unprecedented perspectives, with unprecedented capacities for innovation and solution based responses to hitherto intractable problems.

Is Transformational Change permanent? By implication transformational change means a permanent shift. Transformational means never being the victim of circumstances again. It means using skills that allow you to recognize that everything you experience from this moment on can be taken as a lesson, a guide, and even a gift. When you make this perceptual shift, whenever you face a new challenge or a disappointment, instead of asking “Why is this happening to me?” you will ask “What can I learn here?”

What aspects of my life does Transformational change touch. Were does it fit in? Is this a spiritual practice? Is it psychology? Is it learning new communication skills? Is it learning to navigate relationships more skillfully ? Is it business coaching? Is it personal development? The answer is yes. It is all and any of these. The more you live not just as the accumulated effect of everything that has touched you, but as a cause, as someone who lives at choice, the more you instinctually appreciate that everything is interconnected and part of single integrated whole. As you live by this systemic perspective, releasing old patterns of though, feeling, and behavior become second nature to you. Why would you need to entertain negative emotional states again?

Does Transformational change take long? Does this work of effecting transformational or generative change take a long time? Here’s a parallel question. If someone shows you a shortcut that will cup your daily commute in half how long will it take you before you use it every day? When you’re ready to change, change happens very quickly. The foundation for this work can be undertaken in a couple of days of intense one-on-one focused process that will transform the way you think and feel, and in addition will give you the tools to maintain and deepen the transformation we co-create together.

Do I have to meet with you in person? You are welcome to do that, and I personal enjoy working face to face at out Los Angeles office, or at our retreat in the mountains, however we can meet equally well by telephone.

I hope this answers some of your questions about transformational change. If you would like to schedule a complimentary no-obligation conversation with me please contact me directly

Tel +1-310-339-1660
Email info@caitrionareed.com

Published on February 7, 2010

Why New Year Resolutions Don’t Work

Published in Hypnosis and Stop Smoking. 0 Comments Tags: new year resolution, new year's resolutions.

Do you make New Year’s Resolutions?
Join a gym on January 2^nd?
Throw away cartons of cigarettes, candy, cookies and whatever else you might hope to remove from your life?

… and then around January 15^th,
or March 1at (if you’re lucky) it’s all a memory?

Maybe not. But if you do, here are five possible reasons why.

Because you’ve done it before, and have entirely negative associations with your January 1^st resolutions. You’ve become used to failing at them, you may even expect to; at least on an unconscious level.
You have no real strategy. You may join a gym but you have not sat down and worked out exactly when you’re going to get there, made an appointment with a trainer, set up a schedule, and developed a long term strategy.
You have not made yourself accountable, or if you have it’s with people with whom you have shared your New Year’s Resolutions before, and who have come to expect you to fail at them. Of course, expectations like that are contagious.
You’ve set yourself up using negative associations – lose weight, stop smoking, stop doing this or that, abstaining, ceasing, and desisting. It would be better to imagine your future year by using positive terms and associations.
Deep changes can’t be accomplished by an act of will alone. Something inside must change too. My work as a hypnotherapist in Los Angeles – World capital of New Year Resolutions (just kidding, I have no idea!) - tells me that people change when they start identifying internally with the new behavior, and with their new self. Then the steps to get there are simply a question of time and strategy.

The first few days of January are not necessarily the best time to implement new behaviors and habits. Then again, it’s never a bad time to make positive changes to your life, through hypnosis, or by whichever means you choose.

Published on January 2, 2010

Depression and Hypnosis

Published in Depression. 0 Comments Tags: depression and hypnosis, Hypnosis, hypnosis and belief systems, hypnosis for depression.

Using Hypnosis with depression.
Three things you should know.

Diagnosis Kills

Hypnosis has been around for as long as consciousness itself, much longer than depression, which is relatively new on the scene. If we are stuck in a mood it is as if we have been hypnotized. When we absorb information, whatever it might be, it is because we have taken it in through a process that is effectively hypnotic. As young children we are in a state akin to hypnosis all the time. We learn to make rapid associations unconsciously, and we become adept at responding to life, based on those associations. We have learned unconsciously to do what we do, to feel as we feel. Hypnosis is that function of the mind that allows us to absorb information unconsciously. Sometimes, when the information we absorb is intrinsically contradictory, we respond by feeling depressed.

Let me ask you: what is the capital of France? I assume you know. I would like to ask you to reflect for a moment on how amazing it is that you can access the name so quickly, instantaneously, from all the countless other pieces of information that are available to you. The access you have, as well as all the various possible choices you have in how you respond to whatever comes your way, such as that question, for example, is anchored within functions that are also effectively hypnotic.

You may have heard how in certain cultures a curse, or a hex, a 'magic' spell, can actually cause someone to die. It has been well documented, and although we may not succumb to such magic, we are equally susceptible to the effects of our own, often equally inexplicably irrational, belief systems.

Your belief system determines how you operate. Your belief system can even make you do things against your own best interests. It can trigger strong emotions based on the way it forces you to interpret the world. Based on your interpretations, your beliefs ever more solidified. Hypnosis can be used to address the limitations that come from that solidification, it can help you melt rigid beliefs, such as "I am depressed."

I often work with clients who have been diagnosed as 'clinically' depressed, or bipolar, or with a 'chemical' imbalance. The diagnosis often serves the clinician who gave it, and the drug company who provides the drug prescribed for it, more than it does the client. In the short term. that prescription may be a lifesaver. In the long term it may become part of a debilitating life sentence.

My issue is that individuals are sometimes forced to live for years with a diagnosis that traps them, reinforcing the behaviors that caused depression in the first place. Depression is something you learn to DO. Diagnosis tells you that it is who you ARE.

If it is who you ARE you are doomed. If it's something you DO, then you can stop doing it as soon as you know HOW.

EVERYTHING is chemical in one way or another. EVERYTHING is behavioral too. Many things respond exactly the way you expect them to. The filters your expectations impose on your perceptions make sure of it. A chemist looks at chemistry, a behaviorist looks at behavior. A hypnotist asks HOW you can do something different from what you have been doing, so that your life can work better.

Hypnosis can change a lifelong pattern of depression because it addresses the deep underlying and often unconscious behaviors and beliefs that have supported it.

Living in the Light

Humans are diurnal. That means we live our lives by day, unlike owls, bats, badgers, (as well as a few musicians I know). Most of us need light to feel at our best. Even if it's only a few hours a day. Along with light comes physical activity, looking our towards the horizon, looking upwards with your eyes; a few simple physiological actions that engage you with the external world.

Take a comfortable deep breath or two. Look upwards, relax your body. Be aware of everything that's around you. It should take no more than a few seconds to do this, to reconnect with where you are.

Depression is a withdrawal. Reconnecting with people and things; moving; engaging creatively with the world, even when you don't feel inclined to do so, will change your mood. This is only a beginning; but explore how easy it is to begin. You might be surprised to lean that you really CAN change your mood.

Honesty is the Best Policy

I do not want to diminish the debilitating effect of depression. It's something I suffered from myself for many years; and during that time the depression felt entirely non-negotiable, impervious to anything I might do to shake it. Then something changed. I learned that the depression was a choice, and that it was something I DID, rather than something I WAS.

I learned that there were moments of choice, when I could choose how to interpret my experience. My interpretation could affirm whatever I wanted. If I wanted to believe that my life was not worth living, the evidence was certainly there; and if I wanted to believe that my life was full of promise, I discovered that I could choose to believe that instead.

I also learned that my depression had a lot to do with living in a way that was not entirely truthful and open. When I was not in full congruence with myself, when I was not 'walking my talk', I tended to become isolated and depressed. What that means exactly might be different for each of is.

Suffice to say, we can all benefit from coming out of whatever closets we hide in to prevent ourselves from being who we truly are, and from expressing the fullness of our creative capacity.

In my Los Angeles hypnotherapy practice, I have used hypnosis for depression with countless clients. I would say that a majority of the people who come to me for hypnotherapy, regardless of what else is going on in their lives, suffer from some degree of depression, mild or otherwise.

I am not suggesting that hypnosis is a universal cure for depression, but in my experience hypnosis works with depression to help you recognize that you are not just a victim of your emotions.

You do have a choice about how you deal with depression; just as you have a choice in how you deal with everything life sends your way.

Published on December 21, 2009

Is NLP weird?

Published in NLP. 2 Comments Tags: Hypnosis, los angeles, NLP.

NLP means neurolinguistic programming. Neurolinguistic Programming means transformational change. It consists of an array of powerful perspectives, tools, and processes developed over four marvelously creative and fertile decades. However, when the subject of NLP comes up with some of my friends who are not involved in the field, they often express misgivings.

A friend in Los Angeles told me today, "I met someone who does NLP. They were really weird. They kept looking at me in a way that was really intense and off-putting."

Other people tell me that NLP feels like a cult. Apparently they have encountered newly-certified practitioners of NLP who were so excited about the tools they had learned that they couldn't curb their enthusiasm.

Some people have experienced NLP as inappropriately applied sales techniques, used by unscrupulous sales people, to persuade customers to buy things they didn't need, or want.

No doubt there's truth in all of this. Anything that works well is going to have a downside.

For many of us, life is almost unthinkable without the convenience of cars and airplanes; yet both cause incalculable damage as pollutants, and kill people whenever they crash. Name anything you like, and you can discover ways in which it is misused, or causes harm – language, love, religion, food. At one time or another, everything has been used to gain power over others.

As for NLP, one of the misunderstanding common among beginning practitioners and clients alike, is that it consists of a series of techniques or patterns. There are certainly a lot of them. There are even books available with compilations of hundreds of such patterns. But this misses the main point. NLP is not primarily about techniques or patterns. If you imagine that this is what it consists of, then it's certainly going to be weird, and somewhat unsatisfying, a never-ending accumulation of strange exercises. So what is NLP?

More than anything else, NLP is – the mindset that recognizes that any behavior or internal mental state can be changed.

To be effective, an NLP practitioner must believe this in their bones, and they must then communicate it to their client, by whatever means are available to them. Only then can the tools and patterns be used effectively to cement the transformation that has already begun.

Are those patterns and tools necessary? Absolutely! But the initial acceptance of the possibility of unprecedented transformational is a prerequisite. Otherwise the tools are mere tricks; and the client will end up with yet another reason to believe that nothing can help them overcome the problems for which they came to see you.

As a hypnotherapist, my practice changed completely as soon as I recognized the vital importance of my explanation, and demonstration, of the power of the mind to effect previously unimaginable transformation.

Once the client has truly absorbed this, then the work begins. Once the reality of the possibility for almost unlimited transformation is understood by the client, then they can imagine a new destination for themselves. The rest of the work has to do with planning the journey, removing the roadblocks, negotiating the inevitable diversions, and undertaking the journey itself. Is it always as simple of that? Actually, yes.

There are, of course, many different sorts of roadblocks, and many ways of approaching the journey, many possible roads to take; as many roads, in fact, as there are individuals taking that journey towards congruence and fulfillment.

And yes, it is that simple!

In the presence of an experienced hypnotherapist, or practitioner of NLP, you will not experience the weird feeling of being scrutinized. Instead, you will feel like you are having a conversation with a good friend who has your best interest at heart, and who also happens to have the skills to help you to embody those changes you are seeking. You will experience a feeling of being seen, and heard, and understood, and appreciated, and supported.

If not, look elsewhere.

It's as simple as that

. April 2010 NLP certification program

Published on December 16, 2009

Can I be hypnotized?

Published in Hypnosis. 0 Comments Tags: addictions, freud, hip hypnotist, Hypnosis, los angeles, milton erickson, pain management, Phobias, stage hypnosis, Weight Loss.

Three common objections to hypnosis

Even in Los Angeles – original home of the “hip hypnotist” – people seek hypnotherapy solutions as a last resort. Pain management, phobias, addictions, weight loss … there is a long list of problems for which hypnosis is typically very effective.

Sigmund Freud - hypnotist

People are afraid of failure.

“I can’t be hypnotized.”

“Will you make me behave like a chicken?”

“I tried it. It didn’t work?”

Hypnosis is a natural state of mind. We are all in a trance of one sort or another much of the time. The trick is to use the state of hypnosis, or trance, to your best advantage. Anyone can experience the pleasant state of hypnotic relaxation, and everyone can benefit from it when it is used by a skilled practitioner.

Stage hypnosis is usually performed as comedy. While it demystifies hypnosis, it also inevitably misrepresents the power of the hypnotic process. Your choice to volunteer as a hypnotic subject for a stage show may indicate a certain willingness to goof around. When you approach a hypnotherapist to help you effect change in your life, you have something very different in mind.

Unfortunately, as in all professions, there are some poorly trained or ineffective practitioners of hypnosis who advertise themselves as hypnotherapists. Hypnosis is an art, and hypnotherapy is a collaboration between artist and patient/client. It is not a question of it (hypnosis) working. It always works. The question is whether the power of that work is communicated, prepared for, executed, followed up etc. in a way that fully addressees your issues and needs.

Pat Collins, the 'Hip Hypnotist' (with Lloyd Bridges)

There is a lot of misunderstanding about hypnosis. Hypnosis. or trance is a natural state of mind. To paraphrase one of the greatest hypnotists of all time, Milton Erickson, “Everyone walks around in a trance of disempowerment. The work is to change that to a trance of personal empowerment.”

There are very few things that produce rapid permanent positive change as effectively as hypnosis, and those that do usually have elements of hypnotic trance built into them. Even Sigmund Freud, who began his career as hypnotist, acknowledged that hypnosis was the single most effective modality to help bring about permanent positive transformation.

Published on December 11, 2009

Fast Phobia Cure with NLP

Published in Agoraphobia, NLP and Phobias. 3 Comments Tags: Agoraphobia, Hypnosis, NLP, obsession, phobia.

phobia_fear A phobia is an extreme persistent irrational fear. Lesser fears can sometimes turn into a phobia, and some phobias take on the qualities of obsessions. So there is some overlap and ambiguity in the way these debilitating patterns play out.

There are amazingly long lists of phobias, all are very real for those who suffer from them:

Agoraphobia – fear of open spaces
Claustrophobia – fear of confined spaces
Anthropophobia- fear of other people
Fear of flying, fear of mice, fear of spiders, fear of driving, fear of public speaking, fear of such things as water, dust, bicycles, owls … the list is endless.

It used to be that back in the the dark ages of psychology (which may, unfortunately, still prevail in some quarters) it could take months to cure a phobia.

Then along came NLP and it became possible to cure phobias, even powerfully debilitating phobias, within minutes. How is this possible?

The first thing to understand is that delving into the original cause of WHY a phobia or fear exists may eventually help cure the phobia, but in a very long winded and roundabout way.

Discovering HOW the phobia opperates, how the pattern of thought and association plays itself out in sequence, is much more effective — because you can then learn to rapidly change it.

The way a phobia is evoked in the mind is usually fairly consistent… a sight, a sound, a memory, a feeling in the body, a strong emotion. Once that sequence is discovered it can be broken, scrambled, or even turned into a comedy routine.You will have blown its cover and it will never affect you again with quite the same power. It’s power will fade, perhaps even before your very eyes.

I say you will have “blown its cover” because that unconscious pattern had been hidden from you. When you make it fully visible, you are already half-way to resolving the phobia that depended on it.

Of course, you may not be able to do this on your own, but an experienced NLP practitioner can guide you through the process very easily.

Even people who are housebound due to extreme agoraphobia can be effectively treated over the telephone with amazing success.

Published on November 29, 2009

Anxiety and Stress

Published in Anxiety and Stress and NLP. 0 Comments Tags: anxiety, caitriona, Hypnosis, los angeles, NLP, solutions, stress.

I live in Los Angeles. I used to experience anxiety of one sort or another much of the time. It felt like a part of who I was. As I look back it seems strange. Most of my anxiety was about things that never happened, worst case scenarios, projections of my own insecurity and paranoia. I owe this change in my mindset to hypnosis, and all that I learned about the power of my imagination in a series of hypnotherapy sessions I did with Caitriona last year. M.E.E.

Anxiety is a misuse of your time. It’s something that comes about through choices you made about where you should focus your attention.

The Dark Clouds of Anxiety

This might be hard to accept when you’re in the middle of an anxiety attack, or when you’ve been officially diagnosed with anxiety disorder, or when your anxiety is complicated by depression.

Even so, anxiety comes about because of how you have learned to focus your attention, and how you choose to give certain meaning and weight to particular experience. This may indeed sound harsh if you have been trying in vain to find an effective treatment for anxiety, or have been given the run around by health-care professionals who are better at prescribing medications for anxiety than at helping you find lasting solutions.

But what you once learned you can unlearn. For example, although you may have learned long ago to process similar experiences in the same old ways, with the same old emotions — in this case stress and anxiety, how would it be if you learned new associations; so that when the pressure was on, instead of anxiety, you felt calm, focused, determined, and excited?

It is possible to learn to do this; and it’s easier than you think

The best solutions are often the simplest. Rather than complicated diagnoses and a lifetime of being condemned to live under a cloud called anxiety. This doesn’t mean you don’t have to a little bit of work to do.

But that work involves simply applying the mind-skills and mindset you will learn through hypnosis and NLP. Much of that learning is through the power of your unconscious mind. So it’s about as hard as learning to ride a bicycle. After a day or two you may wobble from time to time. Within a week you’ll be amazed, delighted, and thrilled that what once seemed almost impossible has become a natural skill.

Published on November 28, 2009

Time to quit smoking. Stop smoking with hypnosis.

Published in Addiction and Stop Smoking. 0 Comments

addiction_free Stopping smoking is easier than you think. It’s all about your mindset. Instead of thinking about stopping smoking, think about being a non-smoker.

Let me explain. Assuming for a moment that you’re NOT addicted to heroin, how much energy do you put into NOT using heroin every day?

None, right? Because you KNOW yourself to be a non-user. If heroin happens to be a bad example for you, choose another one – cocaine, glue, chocolate, marijuana, meth amphetamine, valium, vicodin.

The point is that when you know yourself to be a NON-SMOKER you will have no need to put any energy into not smoking, or into quitting smoking.

How can you implement this simple change of attitude?

That’s where hypnosis comes in.

You may have seem hypnosis comedy shows where people are given the suggestion to forget their own name. With the right suggestions this is something that’s easily done. Maybe you think it’s just a trick of the mind. You’re right. That’s what it is. And that same trick can make it very easy for you to stop smoking too.

In combination with strategies to help you overcome the difficult withdrawal symptoms – which honestly don’t need to last more than a day or two, you’re ready to enjoy better health, keener senses (especially a keener sense of taste and smell), more energy, a better mental attitude, and a significantly greater life expectancy.

Of course, the same principle applies for any addiction, including those mentioned above – cocaine, glue, chocolate, marijuana, meth-amphetamine, valium, vicodin — though certain variations in treatment will apply.